Kalabsha Temple, which is located in the south of Aswan Governorate, is considered one of the most important archaeological shrines that were built in the Roman era. What is surprising is that the sun is perpendicular to the Holy of Holies Chamber of the god Mandolis twice during the year, similar to The Abu Simbel Temple. We present to you the most important information and secrets about Kalabsha Temple from The most important tourist destinations for tourists.
About Kalabsha Temple
Kalabsha Temple is attributed to the village of Kalabsha, which is located about 57 km south of the Aswan Reservoir. It dates back to the early Roman era, when it was built by Emperor Augustus.
It was dedicated to the worship of the god Mandolis (a Nubian deity) in addition to the two deities, Osiris and Isis.
Emperor Caligula and Emperor Trajan added to the temple, and this temple is considered one of the most complete temples in Nubia in terms of architectural elements, and it still retains the anchorage (this element is often not found due to the floods to which the region is exposed).
It is worth noting that it contains many ancient Egyptian and Coptic inscriptions (after the entry of the Christian religion into Egypt, its walls were used to write sacred texts
Despite the destruction that befell its walls and inscriptions, it is considered one of the best Roman temples that have been preserved for us.
The temple, before it was moved to its current location, was located on the west bank of the Nile River, south of Aswan, and due to the construction of the Aswan reservoir, the temple was covered with water for about 9 months.
- It was built during the reign of Emperor Augustus, to worship the god Mandulis, the Nubian god of the sun.
- The walls of the temple contain inscriptions of the goddess Mandulis and other inscriptions related to Isis, Aziris, Ptah, and Horus, and Christian inscriptions after it was transformed into a church.
- The temple, which is considered the most important temple in Nubia, contains an important inscription prohibiting the raising of pigs in the temple precincts.
- It also contains a historical inscription explaining the victories of the Nubian King Silku.
- It is considered the second largest of the Nubian temples after the Temple of Abu Simbel, and one of the most important temples with a unique Nubian architectural style.
Design and planning of Kalabsha Temple
Kalabsha Temple is considered one of the best, if not the best, Roman temples in Egypt. The one who built it was keen to merge modern Egyptian architecture with authentic Nubian inscriptions.
In its layout, the temple is similar to the usual layout of temples in the era of the modern state.
It consists of a edifice with an entrance in the middle that leads to a front courtyard, and the courtyard leads to the hall of legends, then two vestibules (corridors) that lead to the Holy of Holies (the holiest place in the entire temple, and when the temple is built, construction begins with it).
The sacred statue of the deity, the owner of the temple, is also placed there, where daily rituals are performed.
The Mamizi (an essential element of the temples in this era.
It was dedicated to the worship of the goddess Isis and is located in the southwest of the temple
The temple contains scenes of Nubian deities such as (Mandulis, the main deity of the temple, Isis, Osiris, Shu, Horus, Amun, Khnum, and Ptah).
In addition to many inscriptions, including: Demotic, Coptic, and Greek inscriptions, in addition to a group of scribbles dating back to the Christian era.
Kalabsha Temple is considered the best witness to the ingenuity of the ancient Egyptians in architecture and construction, as it is one of the unique monuments in which Aswan flourished. It is considered one of the most important temples that combine the Egyptian style and the Nubian style, and therefore the state has made many efforts to preserve it as a historical legend until now.
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